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If you are a body builder there is a very good chance you have heard about the benefits of lysine, ornithine and arginine. These three amino acids are particularly useful in the synthesis of protein in the body and when used in the right way they can increase hormone production - something those who want to build muscle find useful. But what exactly are each of these amino acids and what do they do for your body?

Lysine

This is described as an "essential" amino acid. This means that it is not produced by the body and needs to be supplemented either from food sources or artificially. Adults would normally require 12 mg per kilogram of body weight.

Lysine is often prescribed for people who suffer with the herpes virus and is known to be useful for maintaining a good immune system. It helps the body to absorb calcium and can be useful in the prevention of osteoporosis.

Lysine is found in meats, nuts, beans and dairy products. Those who are suffering from a deficiency can expect to have a loss of appetite, tiredness, mood swings and anaemia.

Arginine

This is known as a "semi-essential" amino acid. This means that the body can produce it on its own, but at times it may be necessary to supplement through foods.

Arginine is important for the body as it helps to protect against coronary disease, heart failure and erectile dysfunction. When in the the body arginine changes into nitric oxide which improves artery health. It will also help the body to build muscle and collagen. It has also been linked with the release of the Human Growth Hormone and could lead to rapid healing from injury.

It is recommended that anyone suffering from a viral infection should avoid taking arginine as a supplement.

Ornithine

Your body can use arginine to make ornithine, which is then used to make other amino acids. Ornithine is not essential as the body can make it from other sourses. Ornithine supports the liver and boosts the immune system.

The main benefit for body builders is the fact that ornithine helps the body to metabolise fat. It also helps the body to remove toxins.

Ornithine can be found in eggs, dairy and meat as well as in various health supplements.

People who are suffering from a lack of ornithine will find that they cannot break down ammonia which becomes toxic to the liver. However because the body regulate this amino acid, it is unusual to have a deficiency unless a fault gene is present. It is usually identified in infancy and can be treated. This is very rare.

Combinations

One study which looked into the benefits of ornithine and arginine for muscle building discovered that people taking supplements of both had increased muscle mass and had lower body fat than a control group. It seems that arginine helps the body to produce ornithine making them complimentary.

However it has also been discovered that combining lysine and arginine can lead to a cancellation of the effect of both.

Clearly all three of these amino acids, not taken at the same time, would be ideal for body builders or anyone who wishes to make the most of their workouts. The fact is that most people fail to eat all of the protein they require, especially when exercising, so supplementation can be a good way to ensure adequate levels are reached.